Verbs
Present TenseThere are three more conjugations in the present tense that you should know:
1) Informal low respect
All you need to do is add ~어/아/여 to the stem of the verb:나는 항상 (haang-saang) 저녁에 음식을 먹어
= I always eat food in the evening (먹 + 어)나는 나의 선생님을 항상 봐
= I always see my teacher (보 + 아)나는 항상 아침에 운동해
= I always exercise in the morning (운동하 + 여)(Notice in the examples above that "항상" (always) is placed in two different places within a sentence.)
2) Informal high respect
This is done the exact same way as 'Informal low respect' but you also add '~요' to the end of the word. Adding ~요 to the end of anything in Korean makes it more respectful:(And change I to the formal one ~ 저)
저는 항상 저녁에 음식을 먹어요
= I always eat food in the evening (먹 + 어요)저는 저의 선생님을 항상 봐요
= I always see my teacher (보 + 아요)저는 항상 아침에 운동해요
= I always exercise in the morning (운동하 + 여요)3) Formal high respect
This is done very similar to the conjugation you learned in Last chapter - that is, adding ~ㄴ/는다 to the stem of the word. To conjugate using the Formal high respect honorific ending, you add ~ㅂ니다/습니다 to the end of the word stem. If a word stem ends in a vowel, you add ~ㅂ to the last syllable and 니다 follows. If a word stem ends in a consonant, you add ~습니다 to the word stem.저는 항상 저녁에 음식을 먹습니다
= I always eat food in the evening (먹 + 습니다)저는 저의 선생님을 항상 봅니다
= I always see my teacher (보 + ㅂ니다)저는 항상 아침에 운동합니다
= I always exercise in the morning (운동하 + ㅂ니다)Past Tense
The three new conjugations should be very simple for you now:
1) Informal low respect
Instead of adding 었다/았다/였다 to a stem, remove 다 and add 어 after 었/았/였:나는 먹었어 = I ate (먹 + 었어)
나는 들어봤어 = I listened (들어보 + 았어)
나는 운동했어 = I exercised (운동하 + 였어)2) Informal high respect
Just add 요 to the end of the Informal low respect conjugations:저는 먹었어요 = I ate (먹 + 었어요)
저는 들어봤어요 = I listened (들어보 + 았어요)
저는 운동했어요 = I exercised (운동하 + 였어요)3) Formal high respect
After adding 었/았/였 instead of adding 다 add 습니다: 저는 먹었습니다 = I ate (먹 + 었습니다)
저는 들어봤습니다 = I listened (들어보 + 았습니다)
저는 운동했습니다 = I exercised (운동하 + 였습니다)Future Tense
1) Informal low respect
Instead of adding 겠다 to a word stem, remove 다 and add 어 after 겠:나는 먹겠어 = I will eat (먹 + 겠어)
나는 배우겠어 = I will learn (배우 + 겠어)2) Informal high respect
Just add 요 to the end of the Informal low respect conjugations:저는 먹겠어요 = I will eat (먹 + 겠어요)
저는 배우겠어요 = I will learn (배우 + 겠어요)3) Formal high respect
After 겠 instead of adding 다 add 습니다:저는 먹겠습니다 = I will eat (먹 + 겠습니다)
저는 배우겠습니다 = I will learn (배우 + 겠습니다)Lets try looking at the verb conjugations in a table.
먹다 Past Present Future
Plain form: 먹었다 먹는다 먹겠다
Informal low: 먹었어 먹어 먹겠어
Informal high: 먹었어요 먹어요 먹겠어요
Formal high: 먹었습니다 먹습니다 먹겠습니다자다 Past Present Future
Plain form: 잤다 잔다 자겠다
Informal low: 잤어 자 자겠어
Informal high: 잤어요 자요 자겠어요
Formal high: 잤습니다 잡니다 자겠습니다Adjectives
Thankfully, adjectives are conjugated the exact same way as verbs are when doing to with these three honorific endings.
To conjugate adjectives with 'Informal low respect,' Informal high respect' and Formal high respect,' follow the same rules as verbs:(bee-ssa-da) expensive
비싸다 Past Present Future
Plain form: 비쌌다 비싸다 비싸겠다
Informal low: 비쌌어 비싸 비싸겠어
Informal high: 비쌌어요 비싸요 비싸겠어요
Formal high: 비쌌습니다 비쌉니다 비싸겠습니다길다 Past Present Future
Plain form: 길었다 길다 길겠다
Informal low: 길었어 길어 길겠어
Informal high: 길었어요 길어요 길겠어요
Formal high: 길었습니다 깁니다 *길겠습니다*Irregular conjugation. You will learn about irregulars in the next lesson.
착하다 Past Present Future
Plain form: 착했다 착하다 착하겠다
Informal low: 착했어 착해 착하겠어
Informal high: 착했어요 착해요 착하겠어요
Formal high: 착했습니다 착합니다 착하겠습니다

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