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Open-die forging, also known as free forging, is a metalworking process where heated metal is shaped by repeated hammering or pressing between flat or simple contoured dies. Unlike closed-die forging, it does not confine the metal within a mold, allowing for flexible deformation. The process involves localized compression, elongation, or bending to achieve the desired form. It is typically used for large, simple-shaped components or pre-forms for further machining.