Introduction

Study investigated the effect of aerial shoot of Fagonia arabica aqueous extracts (ASFAAE) on germination and some growth parameters as well as seedling protein profile of Avena fatua and Triticum aestivum in pure and mixed cultures. Phytochemical screening of F. arabica exerted the highest value of about (41.6 and 47.5mg/g) related to fagonine and saponin respectively and the lowest value of about (9.8mg/g) related to flavonoids. At pure culture, A. fatua revealed gradual decrease in germination percentage (GP), coleoptile length (CL), radicle length (RL) and seedling dry weight (SDW) by increase (ASFAAE) concentrations, while T. aestivum attained increase in CL, RL and SDW at low concentration level (0.5%) compare to control, on contrary (GP) revealed a gradual decrease. Generally mixed culture achieved the same results but with low values compare to pure culture. Generally, RL of A. fatua and T. aestivum were more sensitive than CL in both pure and mixed cultures. The highest percentage of genomic template stability (GTS%) achieved by T. aestivum in pure and mixed culture of about (92%, 84% and 76%) at 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5% respectively in pure culture, while the values reduced to (76%, 68% and 60%) at 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5% correspondingly in mixed culture. Observably GTS% of A. fatua achieved the lowest values in both pure (60%, 56% and 48%) and mixed (52%, 48% and 44%) cultures at 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5% respectively. Interestingly, the study recommended using ASFAAE safely as a bioherbicide to control A. fatua in T. aestivum crop fields.